Smooth out shaky footage with the upgraded stabilization tool. Preview your video with more clarity and capture high resolution still frames.Īchieve better results with a green screen tool that gives you more control. Import and render media at a higher speed. Apply filters, transitions, and other effects to any track. Organize your media in up to 100 full video tracks and create compositing effects. Have Filmora scan your clips for scene changes to save yourself time. Layer multiple video clips using the Picture in Picture track.Īdjust the audio of each indivdual track on your timeline.Įdit the color, size, font, and even animation of your text and titles.Ĭhange your background and create special effects using the Chroma Key (Green Screen) tool.Įasily record the screen of your computer or mobile device.Ĭhoose from a selection of color grading presets inspired by popular movies.ĭraw focus to one part of a clip by strategically blurring the rest.ĭetach your audio from your video clip and edit it separately. Jump through your audio and video tracks one frame at a time for precise editing.Īdjust the white balance and dynamic range of your clips.Īdd panning and zooming movements to still footage. Make your clips up to ten times faster or slower to create time lapses or slow motion effects. Import photos and clips directly from Facebook or other social media platforms. Your source of filters, animated elements, and other modern video effects.Įdit and export videos at resolutions of up to 4K. Transform your video with a variety of filters and graphic overlays.Ĭommunicate using a huge selection of titles, openers, and lower thirds.ĭrag and drop moving graphics into your video.Ĭombine multiple videos and images seamlessly.Ĭhoose the perfect royalty free song from a library of music made by real. Modern & Easy to Useįilmora’s delightfully intuitive design makes it easy for anyone to become a great video editor. or burn DVD for better video preservation. You can save videos to play on portable devices like iPhone, iPad, iPod, etc. Wondershare Filmora X also allows you to import video clips of various formats, then save them to the disk as a different type of file. Also you can create beautiful animated messages from text and titles library. Furthermore you will able to add your favorite music dircectly into your movie to create the perfect atmosphere. Wondershare Filmora X allows you to cut, edit, merge, and trim clips. It has all the video editing tools to create Hollywood-like home movies with titles, effects and transitions from all regular videos, audio and photos. Wondershare Filmora X is a professional video editor to express your creativity and amaze with beautiful results.
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Strong time-management skills show employers and recruiters that you can meet deadlines, as it's also a sign you respect other people's work. Time-management: Many construction projects have strict schedules that require you to complete your tasks swiftly to make sure you can get to your next job on time. Having strong teamwork skills allows you to show others they can rely on you and that you're likely to do the job without engaging in interpersonal conflicts. Teamwork: Most framers work in teams of at least a few people, including carpenters, bricklayers and other construction professionals. As a metal framer, here are some useful professional abilities you can mention: Make sure to include both soft and hard competencies that you're likely to use in the role to which you're applying. Proceed to the next section and list your skills. Related: How to write work experience on a CV (tips and example) 5. You can also make yourself more competitive by showing that you've trained others and worked as a part of a bigger team. Depending on the company where you want to work, it may be helpful to showcase that you have experience working in construction for residential or commercial projects. Then, use bullet points to describe your primary job responsibilities.įor employers, it's helpful to know you've worked with various types of metal framing. In the second line, write the name of the company and its location. Mention your job title and dates of employment. Start by listing your latest or current role at the top. Although most employers require that metal framers have some professional qualifications, it's possible to enter this profession just by demonstrating an impressive experience section. Related: 139 action verbs to make your CV stand out 4. You can use the last sentence of your summary to express excitement about the opportunity, which might show that your career plans align with the role's requirements. There are various techniques you can use to accomplish that and make the CV more dynamic, for example, using action verbs to describe role-specific successes and responsibilities you had. This element serves to help you get recruiters' attention and convince them to read through your entire application. In a new section, write a few sentences that summarise your application. Related: How to create an effective CV header (with tips and examples) 3. If an employer requires you to include a cover letter with your application, make sure that the letter's header matches this section of your CV. Then, proceed to the next line and mention your phone number, email address and location. Leading the page, provide your contact information. Related: How to create a modern CV template (with tips and examples) 2. Remember that your goal is to make the document easy to read, which is why using simple or minimalistic elements and lettering is usually a good idea. When selecting a template, consider what font and colour scheme it uses. It's also a great way to make sure your application looks aesthetic and professional. There are various free CV templates available online, which help you organise the information on your CV. Find a templateīefore writing your CV, you may consider searching for a template. If you're considering changing jobs or applying to a framer position, here are some steps you can take to prepare your application: 1. Learning how to write a proper CV is an ability that you're like to use at least a few time throughout your career. Related: 18 different construction job types for you to consider How to write a framer CV Here are some day-to-day responsibilities in this profession: Depending on the type of project, they may work indoors and outdoors. Most metal stud framers work at construction firms, but they may also offer their services to clients as independent contractors if they have additional construction skills, like bricklaying or carpentry. What is a metal stud framer?Ī metal stud framer is a professional who uses hand tools and equipment to instal wall systems. In this article, we explain what a metal stud framer does, show you how to write a CV for this role, share a CV template and provide an example you can use to develop your job application. Learning how to write an impressive CV can help you demonstrate your framing experience and present role-specific skills that impress recruiters. If you aspire to work in the field as a stud framer, a CV is one of the key documents that employers may expect from you during recruitment. Working in construction requires strong technical skills and specialised training. But with semi-regular appearances on everything from The Muppets to The Simpsons, the question was only when, not if, modern voice assistants would gain the prestige of an OED entry.įollow Follow Fan Struggles to Pronounce Show Name for TV Voice Assistant in Funny Netflix AdĪ Voice Assistant Attempts World Domination With Olivia Colman’s Voice in Netflix’s The Mitchells vs. The Machines even had Oscar-winning actress Olivia Colman portray a voice assistant named PAL (Predictive Algorithmic Learning) who tries to take over the world. Dictionaries aren’t going to include a term without at least some broad usage, and the pop culture appearances of voice and virtual assistants has rieen quickly in the last couple of years. Google’s English dictionary is provided by Oxford Languages. The OED adding and expanding voice AI-related terms sticks a semi-official seal on the concept’s place in popular awareness. “ou’ll find additions such as video tutorial (first recorded, well before YouTube was even thought of, in 1984) and virtual assistant programs and devices such as Amazon’s Alexa, Apple’s Siri, and Google’s Assistant are also represented in this update by new entries for personal digital assistant, voice assistant, and digital assistant,” as the OED explained in a blog post about all of the new and updated words. That new arrivals include the noun virtual assistant, defined as a “program (or device running a program) that can respond to commands or questions and perform tasks electronically.” Though already in place in the OED beforehand, the terms voice assistant and digital assistant saw expansion in their definitions with similar phrases, all in reference to the popular definition of interactive voice AI. The June 2021 update adds or adjusts 700 terms and idioms both new and old. The OED regularly rolls out new and updated entries for its vast catalog of words and phrases. Combined with updates to the definitions of digital and voice assistants, this marks a major milestone for voice AI as a mainstream product and concept. In the Oxford style a superscript number is inserted at the point in your essay where you cite an author’s work. Virtual assistants have been officially defined by the Oxford English Dictionary for the first time. Oxford is a citation style that uses footnotes at the bottom of the page rather than in the in-text citation styles used by Harvard and A.P.A. The Oxford Dictionaries API gives you access to our world-renowned dictionary data, including definitions, translations, synonyms, and audio pronunciations. Therefore simplicity should be a key goal in design, and that unnecessary complexity should be avoided.ĭespite the KISS sentiment, the planning of the elaborate event continued - with details about guest responses, seating diagrams, program, emcee, band, etc. Navy in 1960 that states that most systems work best if they are kept simple rather than made complicated. You may know that KISS is an acronym for “ Keep it simple, stupid.” It was a design principle noted by the U.S. They hold this event every five years to mark the notable passage of time, and put a spotlight on their associated achievements.ĭuring a conversation, about one of the million details required to run the gala, my client and I chuckled as we agreed to ascribe to the KISS philosophy. We were hired to execute this celebration. The client’s preferred way of celebrating this milestone was to hold a gala. This is a small, but mighty nonprofit that runs 100% on individual and corporate gifts with no program revenue or government support. Read the full feature ‘Why clear lines of communication get positive response’ here.I recently helped a client celebrate its 15 anniversary. It can be tempting to adopt every new technology going or add layers to marketing and promotions with additional offers and services, but if all that serves to do is complicate the experience for shoppers, marketers should steer clear and keep it simple. It has introduced one click buying, the Prime membership scheme and its recommendation platform that suggest other products shoppers might like, all to ease customers’ path to purchase and cut the number of abandoned baskets. This shows that there’s an incredible amount of business being lost because online systems don’t make things easy enough for shoppers to complete their purchase.Īmazon, however, has built its business around making the shopping experience as simple as possible for customers. Basket abandonment rates, when online shoppers don’t make it through to the final purchase stage of an online order, reached 71% in 2011 according to research firm Forrester. Online retailers have been particularly prone to the traps of overcomplicated systems. Pair that clarity with the high standard of customer service, quality products, and the investment John Lewis is making to ensure that its multichannel business offers the utmost in convenience, and it’s obvious why John Lewis continues to thrive despite perceptions that it prices are a little higher. Lloyd Page, head of marketing and brand, says it’s this “clarity” of message that appeals to consumers. In John Lewis’ case, the “simplicity” it offers customers comes from the transparency embedded in its Never Knowingly Undersold pledge. Siegel + Gale’s research also showed that consumers would be willing to pay a premium of more than 5% for a simpler experience with a brand, which shows that simple doesn’t have to mean no frills. It doesn’t take a genius to figure out that when things get over complicated, consumers will give up and go elsewhere. If new technologies aren’t easy to use and shopping channels don’t work together in a simple and intuitive way they are almost as useless as not adopting new technologies at all. It’s no surprise that the top 10 brands in the Simplicity Index, compiled by Siegel + Gale, includes retail brands such as Amazon and John Lewis. Almost nine in 10 (87%) people would be more likely to recommend a brand they consider ‘simple’ to a friend than one more complex according to new research seen by Marketing Week and explored in this week’s feature ‘Why clear lines of communication get positive response’. The 10bii Financial Calculator's keypad has been specially designed to be easy to use and easy to see. It allows you to easily calculate loan payments, interest rates, amortization, time value of money, investment value, and more using a combination of powerful and intuitive equation-writing functionality and helpful worksheets. Modeled after the extremely popular HP 10bII Financial Calculator, the 10bii Financial Calculator app combines precise mathematics, intuitive display, and ease-of-use in one compact package. The 10bii Financial Calculator is a versatile and powerful financial calculator which features more than 105 different functions for financial analysis, business, statistics, and general mathematics. Whether you are a seasoned investor or you just have questions about paying off your credit card, refinancing your home, or planning your 401 (k) contributions, the 10bii Financial Calculator has the answers to YOUR financial questions. Finally a Financial Calculator for everyone. Easy Mode allows everyone to get the financial answers you need. Saves Recent calculations so you can easily reload them. Draws Cashflow Diagrams for simple TVM or complex Uneven Cashflows. Easily enter your Uneven Cashflows in a spreadsheet-like worksheet. Print or Save PDF Amortization Schedules. Highlights: Displays current N, I/YR, PV, PMT and FV values right above buttons. wonderful job in integrating visual tools to illustrate financial cash flows. This has become my "go to" app on my iPad. 5 Stars: "I am a full-time investor in real estate and notes. I use it all the time and love it." - Tinahart2.5 Stars: "Great customer service along with the app's ease of use made this purchase a no brainer." - HarborDan. I would recommend it to any financial advisor without reservation." - John L Olsen, CLU, ChFC, AEP. Too bad there isn't room for another star." - Pokey. I'm sure thrilled with everything about this app. In-App Purchase: 10bii+ Features (Bonds, Breakeven, Depreciation, Trig, Probabilities) available. Look no further, you have found the best Financial Calculator app available. There’s something special about a glass desk. This can be a great change from your previous desktop. Using marble contact paper as your desk cover can give your desk a clean and sophisticated look. Top: White, Black, Walnut, White Oak, Bamboo Top: Warp-proof, MDF wood, natural Bamboo Autonomous Microfiber Vegan Leather Desk Pad You can also get some help from an expert with desk renovations, handiwork, and carpentry for a few of the more. You might need some tape, glue, and other materials, depending on which suggestion you choose. Here are the top ideas for a new desk cover material for your office desk. For some of them, you just need to purchase some materials and covers, while for others, you might want to get really creative and use a DIY approach. The ideas presented here are meant to give you some inspiration about how you can office desk makeover. For example, if you are a developer or gamer, you could choose a design that is inspired by your work or recreation as well. If you are in marketing, it might be a good idea to showcase your work and the branding expertise you possess. If you are in the art and design field, you can use that for inspiration about a great computer desk cover. Some factors that could influence what the best one might include the field you are in and what kind of office environment you are in. The choice of the right computer desk cover for you is a personal one. Office desk from Autonomous are highly customizable and also come in a range of great frame and desktop color combinations. The more you can personalize the space and your desk, the better you are going to be and feel at work. No one likes to work for long periods in a bland and uninspiring environment. Not every type works for everyone, but if you find the perfect fit for you, this can work wonders for your motivation and ultimately your productivity. Finding the Right Office Desk Top Coversĭesks come in all kinds of styles, materials, and colors. Treat yourself to an office desk makeover with these 20 great desk cover ideas in the new year. If you aren't happy with the desktop color or design, you can always spice it up. It should be ergonomic, just the right shape, size, and style to meet your needs and preferences. Your desk is the focal point in your home or work office, so you must make it a great one. “As a matter of self-preservation, a man needs good friends or ardent enemies, for the former instruct him, and the latter take him to task.” “Wise kings generally have wise counselors, and he must be a wise man himself who is capable of distinguishing one.” “Dogs and philosophers do the greatest good and get the fewest rewards.” “In a rich man’s house, there is no place to spit but his face.” “Why not whip the teacher when the pupil misbehaves?” “Man is the most intelligent of the animals – and the silliest.” “We have two ears and one tongue so that we would listen more and talk less.” “What I like to drink most is the wine that belongs to others.” “The foundation of every state is the education of its youth.” The Emperor as Philosopher, Marcus Aurelius.“ The Death of Socrates” by Jacques-Louis David.Diogenes was also noted for having mocked Alexander the Great, both in public and to his face when he visited Corinth in 336.ĭiogenes passed his philosophy of Cynicism to Crates, who taught it to Zeno of Citium, who fashioned it into the school of Stoicism, one of the most enduring schools of Greek philosophy. Diogenes became notorious for his philosophical stunts, such as carrying a lamp during the day, claiming to be looking for an honest man. He begged for a living and often slept in a large ceramic jar in the marketplace. He declared himself a cosmopolitan and a citizen of the world rather than claiming allegiance to just one city.ĭiogenes made a virtue of poverty. He used his simple lifestyle and behavior to criticize the social values and institutions of what he saw as a corrupt, confused society. He had a reputation for sleeping and eating wherever he chose in a non-traditional fashion. He believed that virtue was better revealed in action than in theory. Diogenes was a controversial figure in Athens and Corinth, where he criticized many cultural conventions of the cities. Diogenes Asking for Alms by Jean-Bernard Restout – Musée des Augustinsĭiogenes (404 BC – 323 BC) was a Greek philosopher and one of the founders of Cynic philosophy.Plato and Diogenes by Mattia Preti – Capitoline Museums.Alexander and Diogenes by Gaspar de Crayer – Wallraf–Richartz Museum. Landscape with Diogenes by Nicolas Poussin – Louvre.Museum: Mauritshuis More of Diogenes in Art Title: Diogenes looking for an Honest Manĭimensions: Height: 75.9 cm (29.8 ″) Width: 103.6 cm (40.7 ″) Most of his art can be found in the museums and private collections of the Netherlands, “Diogenes looking for an Honest Man” by Caesar van Everdingen Painting in 1652, this theme of “Diogenes looking for an Honest Man,” was widely represented in Dutch art by many artists.Ĭesar Pietersz or Cesar Boetius van Everdingen (1616 – 1678) was a Dutch Golden Age portrait and history painter. The large church in the background is the Cathedral of Saint Bavo in Haarlem. You may be men in name, but your brutish lives betray you as animals in reality”.Ĭaesar van Everdingen set this classic story about the 2,000-year-old Greek Philosopher in a contemporary Dutch town square with portraits of contemporaries, plus he featured the portraits of the family that commission this painting. “I see not one, for there is no reason in your hearts. When he was told that there are people all around in the crowds, he replied: Diogenes claimed that he was looking for an honest man. “Diogenes looking for an Honest Man” by Caesar van Everdingen depicts the philosopher Diogenes stands in the middle of a crowd, holding up a lantern. “Diogenes looking for an Honest Man” by Caesar van Everdingen Three years after this painting was first exhibited, Jean-Léon Gérôme was appointed a professor of painting at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts. His companions were dogs that also served as emblems of his “Cynic” (Greek: “kynikos,” dog-like) philosophy, which emphasized an austere existence. He is shown lighting the lamp in daylight, a philosophical stunt, for which he became notorious, as he walked the streets claiming to be looking for an honest man. Diogenes by Jean-Léon Gérôme depicts the Greek Philosopher Diogenes (404 – 323 BC) seated in the shelter he used during the night. While that may sound like a lot, the map can feel awfully small, with edges approaching quickly! How do you win Snake? This gives the player 999 squares to work with. In our Coolmath Games version of Snake, the map is 37 squares across, and 27 squares down. This gives the game a fun challenge, players will have to maneuver around the map without being able to move in all directions. To go backward, you’ll have to take a right or left turn twice. Just like sharks, this Snake can only go forwards. Coolmath Games is kind of in the middle, with the highest possible score being 999 points. Some Snake games have a high score of 99,999 points, others have high scores around 100. Once this happens, the game pauses, and players will be given the option to restart. Snake ends when a player does one of either two things – runs into their tail or into a wall. Playing snake can help improve hand-eye coordination and reaction time, since you'll have to act fast to keep the snake from crashing. Moving this way will buy you some time as the rest of the tail catches up. Utilize the zig-zag: The snake’s ultimate move! If you find your tail getting a bit too long, quickly shift from side to side to create a zig-zag pattern on the screen. This keeps the rest of the field open and easy to navigate. An easy trick to avoid crashing into the walls or your tail is to trace the perimeter of the screen. Hug the wall: As you play snake, your tail will keep growing and growing with every apple you eat. The more you play, try to master those sharp turns to narrowly escape hitting a wall.īe patient: It can be tempting to grab the apples as fast as you can, but if you narrowly miss an apple, it's better to wait until your snake tail has moved away from it before going in for another pass. Since the snake is so speedy, crashing can happen before you can react. Master the sharp turns: A good trick to have under your belt as you play snake is being able to turn on a dime. Be careful not to hit the wall or eat your tail! Use the arrow keys to control your snake and spacebar to pause. Playing snake can help improve hand-eye coordination and reaction time, since you'll have to act fast to keep the snake from crashing.Įat as many apples as you can to grow as long as possible. The snake’s ultimate move! If you find your tail getting a bit too long, quickly shift from side to side to create a zig-zag pattern on the screen. As you play snake, your tail will keep growing and growing with every apple you eat. The more you play, try to master those sharp turns to narrowly escape hitting a wall.īe patient. It can be tempting to grab the apples as fast as you can, but if you narrowly miss an apple, it's better to wait until your snake tail has moved away from it before going in for another pass. A good trick to have under your belt as you play snake is being able to turn on a dime. The snake also moves quicker than the classic game, so you’ll have to think fast! How long can you survive? Snake Tips & Tricks When you eat an apple, your tail grows by four blocks instead of the usual one. But don't hit the wall, or eat your tail!Ĭoolmath’s snake game is different from most. Eat as many apples as you can to grow as long as possible. Just takes a couple of tries to get it right in this case. The controls do not have a clear meaning what is up/down/etc so you might think you press up and the lot move to the right. You place it there and whatever rotation you use it just doesn’t fit right? With the new move house on lot function you can move to a side of the lot to make it fit better. Even though the lot is a few squares bigger. They will start from scratch (except they keep their skills, LTW) with 20000 Simoleons and have to buy a starter home.Įver had it happen that you download a great house, have the perfect lot for it. Instead of starting over you can move the family (or maybe 1 child and give them a story ‘I want to stand on my own two feet’) to another world. This can be so great if you have a family that has maxed out their house and are filthy rich. Moving world allows your Sim from (for instance) Isla Paradiso to move to one of your other worlds. They are worth mentioning because they are that great. While these are two features added with the patch instead and not exclusive to Island Paradise. There are no roads on the water so no need to keep to strict Sailing Routes! What is important for me that if your house is on one side of the world, you can still get to work in time! With this huge world, that is possible because you just take a boat from one island and go directly to another by the shortest route possible. It houses 3 different styles of houses, Spanish,Eco modern and Beachy. Isla Paradiso is a beautiful tropical world set in an archipelago. The Fantastical Floating Machine by Ruthless_kk Being limited in space has not stopped many builders to make some amazing boats.įloating Palace of Atlantis by CreatEve Works In Island Paradise they also added a new All-in-One Bathroom to help you save space! But for the builders, they can really let their creative juices go wild. In a houseboat you are limited to small space. What is also great about houseboats is that it is built for small houses, a mansion is great and all but how much do you actually use! Bedroom, bathroom, living room and kitchen. Is your workplace on the other side of the island? No problem, we’ll just move the houseboat there so the Sim has a short commute each day. Houseboats are especially great for the builders among us, but for players they are also a nice touch. Luxury Cabanas Resort (NO CC) by chuvadeprata Here we have collected some beautiful examples of resorts from the Sims Community: Also, your household gets to use the amenities for free! Resorts are great for Simmers who love to build and those who like to play and give their Sims challenges. But it has also been made easy that there are no mundane tasks like constantly cleaning up the plates the guests leave behind. Resorts on the one hand have been one of the most challenging features added in the game, it really does have a learning curve to get to your first 5 star resort. You do this by giving your visitors amenities with which they can entertain themselves, good food and you need a staff to maintain your resort. Resorts are awesome! In a resort it is your purpose to build a 5 star resort, from nothing and of course make loads of Simoleons. The calculator below may also be used in these other instances where the units of activity are used in a similar manner to that described above for enzymes. The shorter lifetimes of Tr* and R* in cones seem to explain the remaining difference in the effectiveness of PDE activation between rods and cones.It is also important to note that other units of activity exist for various biologically active molecules, and each is defined in a unique way according to a standard established by experts in the field. The effect of Tr* inactivation was larger in cones, probably because the lifetime of Tr* is shorter in cones than in rods. This is probably because inactivation of Tr* shortened its lifetime, thereby reducing the number of activated PDE molecules. In a comparison of PDE activation in the presence (with GTP) and absence (with GTPγS) of Tr* inactivation, PDE activation required more light (and was therefore less effective) when Tr* was inactivated in both rod and cone membranes. Next, we examined the contribution of R* and Tr* lifetimes. By activating PDE with known concentrations of the active (guanosine 5′-Ο-(γ-thio)triphosphate (GTPγS)-bound) form of Tr*, we found that Tr* activated PDE at a similar efficiency in rods and cones. First, we examined the efficiency of activation of PDE by activated Tr (Tr*). In this study, we tried to explain the remaining difference. The lower effectiveness of PDE activation in carp cones is due partly to the fact that the activation rate of transducin (Tr) by light-activated visual pigment (R*) is 5-fold lower in carp cones than in rods. We showed previously in carp that more light (>100-fold) is required in cones than in rods to activate 50% of cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE). Optimized medium by OFAT and RSM enhanced enzyme production by 7.5-folds confirming the need to optimize the production parameters to achieve maximum yield.Ĭones are less light-sensitive than rods. The model showed higher amylase activity of 3.6 and 7.5-fold as compared to the basal and the initial media, respectively. The model validation was clear up on comparing the statistical predicted yield (140.14 U/ml) with the actual experimental yield (145.4 U/ml) of α-amylase which was closely related. Whereas MnCl 2♴H 2O, soluble starch and culture pH showed negative effect on α-amylase production. Among thirteen independent variables tested in PB design, beef extract, MgSO 4♷H 2O, K 2HPO 4 and incubation time were the most significant on α-amylase production and showed positive effect. The most significant factors were identified and its values were optimized using Plackett-Burman (PB) and Central Composite (CC) design, respectively. The result obtained from OFAT showed 72.4U/ml of amylase activity which was 1.8- fold higher as compared to unoptimized conditions (40.3 U/ml). α-Amylase production parameters were optimized using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) and Response Surface methodology (RSM). This sequence was deposited to the GenBank under accession number, B. The most potent isolate MK1 was identified (morphologically and biochemically) and confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequence method. Screening was done by iodine test, based on the clear zone around the sample in starch agar plates. In the present study, α-amylase producers were isolated from farm soil in Egypt (Sadat City). Α-amylase is a starch hydrolyzing enzyme which has many industrial applications. The results also indicate that at least 72% of the normal urinary α-amylase found in the water-load test is of pancreatic origin. This simple test, which can be made without a specialized gastroenterology department, could serve as a valuable aid in the laboratory diagnosis of pancreatic insufficiency. By contrast, the values for the urinary excretion of α-amylase showed little overlap of the results of the two series of subjects (only one value in the pathological series was above the suggested normal lower limit). Amylase clearance was significantly decreased in the pathological series, but the total overlap of the results precludes the use of serum α-amylase measurements as a diagnostic aid in pancreatic insufficiency. Both the mean serum α-amylase values and the urinary excretion of α-amylase during 2 h after intake of 500 ml of water were low in the pathological series and differed highly significantly from the values of the control groups. The α-amylase was measured with a new, accurate and sensitive chromogenic method (Phadebas Amylase Test, Pharmacia, Sweden). A group of 23 patients with suspected pancreatic insufficiency having a maximal bicarbonate concentration of less than 70 mmole/1 in the duodenal aspirate after secretin stimulation was compared with normal subjects with regard to serum α-amylase values and urinary α-amylase excretion. |